Why Are Immortal Cell Lines Important For Biological Research
Olivia Luz
These cells have been and still are widely used in biological research such as creation of the polio vaccine sex hormone steroid research and cell metabolism.
The cells came from a cervical cancer sample obtained from henrietta lack in 1951 without her knowledge or permission. Immortal cell lines have become a powerful tool for countless applications including testing drug metabolism and cytotoxicity studying gene function as well as producing vaccines antibodies and biological compounds. The main advantage of using an immortal cell line for research is its immortality. For this purpose they need immortal cell lines which have the ability to grow indefinitely and could be frozen for years.
There are many advantages to using immortalized cell lines. An immortal cell line describes a group of cells in an organism that can reproduce indefinitely. As mentioned the aim of your research determines the type of cell culture you use. Human cell lines are immortalized cells propagated in vitro from primary explants of human tissue or body fluid.
Immortal cell lines of cancer cells can be created by induction of oncogenes or loss of tumor suppressor genes. Immortal cell lines are created due to a genetic mutation. However primary cells are difficult to isolate grow and passage and above all expensive as it. Ideally all work is best if done in primary cells because that is what the tissue is closest to.
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The cell line s initial use was in cancer research but hela cells have led to numerous medical breakthroughs and nearly 11 000 patents. Because there are standard lines used by many different labs immortalized cells are fairly well characterized. The use of human cell cultures as a model for more complex biological systems is an integral part of molecular biology and biomedical research.
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